ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Introduction: to evaluate urinary biochemical alterations related to urolithogenesis processes after sleeve gastrectomy (SG). Materials and methods : prospective study with 32 individuals without previous diagnosis of urolithiasis who underwent SG. A 24-h urine test was collected seven days prior to surgery and at 6-month follow-up. The studied variables were urine volume, urinary pH, oxalate, calcium, citrate, and magnesium and calcium oxalate super saturation (CaOx SS). Results: patients were mainly women (81.2%), with mean age of 40.6 years. Mean pre- and postoperative BMI were 47.1 ± 8.3 Kg/m2 and 35.5 ± 6.1 Kg/m2, respectively (p<0.001). Urine volume was significantly lower at the postoperative evaluation in absolute values (2,242.50 ± 798.26 mL x 1,240.94 ± 352.39 mL, p<0.001) and adjusted to body weight (18.58 ± 6.92 mL/kg x 13.92 ± 4.65 mL/kg, p<0.001). CaOx SS increased significantly after SG (0.11 ± 0.10 x 0.24 ± 0.18, p<0.001). Moreover, uric acid levels were significantly lower at the postoperative evaluation (482.34 ± 195.80 mg x 434.75 ± 158.38 mg, p=0.027). Urinary pH, oxalate, calcium, citrate, and magnesium did not present significant variations between the pre- and postoperative periods. Conclusion: SG may lead to important alterations in the urinary profile. However, it occurs in a much milder way than that of RYGB.
RESUMO Introdução: avaliar as alterações bioquímicas urinárias relacionadas aos processos de litíase urinária após gastrectomia vertical (GV). Método: estudo prospectivo, com 32 indivíduos submetidos a GV, sem diagnóstico prévio de urolitíase. Foi coletada urina de 24 horas, sete dias antes da operação e no retorno de 6 meses. As variáveis estudadas foram volume de urina, pH urinário, oxalato, cálcio, citrato e super saturação de oxalato e cálcio (SS CaOx). Resultados: os pacientes foram em sua maioria mulheres (81,2%), com idade média de 40,6 anos. O IMC médio pré e pós-operatório foi 47,1 ± 8,3 Kg/m2 e 35,5 ± 6,1 Kg/m2, respectivamente (p<0,001). O volume de urina foi significativamente baixo na avaliação pós-operatória em valores absolutos (2.242,50 ± 798,26 mL versus 1.240,94 ± 352,39 mL, p<0,001) e ajustado ao peso corporal (18,58 ± 6,92 mL/kg versus 13,92 ± 4,65 mL/kg, p<0,001). A SS CaOx aumentou significativamente após a GV (0,11 ± 0,10 versus 0,24 ± 0,18, p<0,001). Além disso, os níveis de ácido úrico apresentaram-se significativamente baixos na avaliação pós-operatória (482,34 ± 195,80 mg versus 434,75 ± 158,38 mg, p=0,027). PH urinário, oxalato, cálcio, citrato e magnésio não apresentaram variações significativas entre os períodos pré e pós-operatório. Conclusão: a GV pode levar a alterações importantes no perfil urinário. Entretanto, essas ocorrem de forma muito mais leve que na derivação gástrica em Y de Roux.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Uric Acid/blood , Urine/chemistry , Kidney Calculi/surgery , Urolithiasis , Gastrectomy , Postoperative Period , Calcium Oxalate/blood , Prospective Studies , Preoperative Period , MagnesiumABSTRACT
Objetivo: Avaliar o comportamento da fração de excreção de potássio durante a evolução da lesão renal aguda em pacientes graves. Métodos: Foram incluídos 168 pacientes como parte de um estudo maior, no qual avaliamos parâmetros sanguíneos e urinários durante a evolução da lesão renal aguda. Foram coletadas diariamente amostras de sangue e urina até a remoção da sonda vesical ou a necessidade de terapia de substituição renal. Descrevemos a evolução da fração de excreção de potássio conforme a presença ou não de lesão renal aguda, sua duração - transitória ou persistente - e gravidade (com base no estágio Acute Kidney Injury Network - AKIN). Foi também avaliado o desempenho diagnóstico da fração de excreção de potássio no dia do diagnóstico da lesão renal aguda, para prever a sua duração e a necessidade de terapia de substituição renal. Resultados: A fração de excreção de potássio foi significativamente maior na lesão renal aguda persistente do que na transitória no dia do diagnóstico da lesão renal aguda (24,8 versus 13,8%; p<0,001). Ambos os grupos tiveram aumento de sua fração de excreção de potássio mediana nos 2 dias que precederam o diagnóstico de lesão renal aguda. Pacientes que não desenvolveram mantiveram níveis baixos e estáveis de fração de excreção de potássio. A fração de excreção de potássio, no dia do diagnóstico de lesão renal aguda, demonstrou razoável precisão em prever lesão renal aguda persistente (área sob a curva: 0,712; intervalo de confiança de 95%: 0,614-0,811; p<0,001). A área sob ...
Objective: To evaluate the behavior of fractional excretion of potassium in the course of acute kidney injury in critically ill patients. Methods: As part of a larger study in which we have evaluated blood and urinary parameters in the course of acute kidney injury, 168 patients were included. Blood and urine samples were collected daily until the removal of the urinary catheter or the initiation of renal replacement therapy. We describe the evolution of fractional excretion of potassium based on whether acute kidney injury was diagnosed, its duration (transient or persistent) and its severity (creatinine-based Acute Kidney Injury Network - AKIN stage). The diagnostic performance of fractional excretion of potassium in predicting the duration of acute kidney injury and the need for renal replacement therapy on the day of acute kidney injury diagnosis was also evaluated. Results: Fractional excretion of potassium was significantly higher in persistent acute kidney injury compared to transient acute kidney injury on the day of acute kidney injury diagnosis (24.8 vs. 13.8%, p<0.001). Both groups had the median fractional excretion of potassium increasing in the two days preceding the acute kidney injury diagnosis. Patients without acute kidney injury had stable low fractional excretion of potassium values. The fractional excretion of potassium was fairly accurate in predicting persistent acute kidney injury (area under the curve: 0.712; 95% confidence interval: 0.614-0.811; p<0.001) on the day of acute kidney injury diagnosis. The area under the curve was 0.663 (95% confidence interval: 0.523-0.803; p=0.03) for renal replacement therapy. The fractional excretion of potassium increased with maximum AKIN stage reached, in both transient and persistent acute kidney injury. Conclusion: Sequential fractional excretion of potassium assessment appears to be useful in critically ill patients at risk for acute kidney injury. .
Subject(s)
Humans , Acute Kidney Injury/physiopathology , Potassium/metabolism , Renal Replacement Therapy/methods , Acute Kidney Injury/diagnosis , Acute Kidney Injury/therapy , Critical Illness , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether hypercalciuria patients with hematuria show different renal indices compared to non-hypercalciuria patients with hematuria. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with gross or microscopic hematuria whose blood chemistry and 24 hour urine chemistry were examined. After excluding the patients with more than 4 mg/m2/day proteinuria or the patients with urinary calcium excretion between 3 and 4 mg/kg/day, we divided the patients into two groups: a hypercalciuria group whose calcium excretion was more than 4 mg/kg/day(n=30) and a non- hypercalciuria group whose calcium excretion was less than 3 mg/kg/day(n=41). The urinary excretion, clearance, and fractional excretion(FE) of Na, K, Cl, Ca, P, urea, and creatinine were calculated and compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The hypercalciuria group had more calcium excretion(6.1+/-2.9 vs 1.5+/-0.9 mg/kg/day), more urea excretion(341+/-102 vs 233+/-123 mg/kg/day), greater glomerular filtration rate(GFR) (93.7+/-31.1 vs 79.5+/-32.0 mL/min) but lower FENa(1.0+/-0.4% vs 1.3+/-0.6%) than the nonhypercalciuria group, although the urinary sodium excretion was similar between the two groups. CONCLUSION: The greater urea excretion and GFR in hypercalciuric patients suggest that they might be on a higher protein diet than the non-hypercalciuria group. The increased glomerular filtration of sodium and calcium induced by the higher GFR in hypercalciuria would have increased their delivery to the distal tubule, where sodium is effectively reabsorbed but calcium is not, which is suggested by the lower FENa but higher FECa in hyercalciuria. It is recommended that the diet of hematuria patients be reviewed in detail at initial presentation and during treatment.